##### Example wpa_supplicant configuration file ############################### # Empty lines and lines starting with # are ignored # NOTE! This file may contain password information and should probably be made # readable only by root user on multiuser systems. # global configuration (shared by all network blocks) # # Interface for separate control program. If this is specified, wpa_supplicant # will create this directory and a UNIX domain socket for listening to requests # from external programs (CLI/GUI, etc.) for status information and # configuration. The socket file will be named based on the interface name, so # multiple wpa_supplicant processes can be run at the same time if more than # one interface is used. # /var/run/wpa_supplicant is the recommended directory for sockets and by # default, wpa_cli will use it when trying to connect with wpa_supplicant. ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant # Access control for the control interface can be configured by setting the # directory to allow only members of a group to use sockets. This way, it is # possible to run wpa_supplicant as root (since it needs to change network # configuration and open raw sockets) and still allow GUI/CLI components to be # run as non-root users. However, since the control interface can be used to # change the network configuration, this access needs to be protected in many # cases. By default, wpa_supplicant is configured to use gid 0 (root). If you # want to allow non-root users to use the contron interface, add a new group # and change this value to match with that group. Add users that should have # control interface access to this group. # # This variable can be a group name or gid. #ctrl_interface_group=wheel ctrl_interface_group=0 # IEEE 802.1X/EAPOL version # wpa_supplicant was implemented based on IEEE 802-1X-REV-d8 which defines # EAPOL version 2. However, there are many APs that do not handle the new # version number correctly (they seem to drop the frames completely). In order # to make wpa_supplicant interoperate with these APs, the version number is set # to 1 by default. This configuration value can be used to set it to the new # version (2). eapol_version=1 # AP scanning/selection # By default, wpa_supplicant requests driver to perform AP scanning and then # uses the scan results to select a suitable AP. Another alternative is to # allow the driver to take care of AP scanning and selection and use # wpa_supplicant just to process EAPOL frames based on IEEE 802.11 association # information from the driver. # 1: wpa_supplicant initiates scanning and AP selection # 0: driver takes care of scanning, AP selection, and IEEE 802.11 association # parameters (e.g., WPA IE generation); this mode can also be used with # non-WPA drivers when using IEEE 802.1X mode ap_scan=1 # network block # # Each network (usually AP's sharing the same SSID) is configured as a separate # block in this configuration file. The network blocks are in preference order # (the first match is used). # # network block fields: # # ssid: SSID (mandatory); either as an ASCII string with double quotation or # as hex string; network name # # scan_ssid: # 0 = do not scan this SSID with specific Probe Request frames (default) # 1 = scan with SSID-specific Probe Request frames (this can be used to # find APs that do not accept broadcast SSID or use multiple SSIDs; # this will add latency to scanning, so enable this only when needed) # # bssid: BSSID (optional); if set, this network block is used only when # associating with the AP using the configured BSSID # # priority: priority group (integer) # By default, all networks will get same priority group (0). If some of the # networks are more desirable, this field can be used to change the order in # which wpa_supplicant goes through the networks when selecting a BSS. The # priority groups will be iterated in decreasing priority (i.e., the larger the # priority value, the sooner the network is matched against the scan results). # Within each priority group, networks will be selected based on security # policy, signal strength, etc. # Please note that AP scanning with scan_ssid=1 is not using this priority to # select the order for scanning. Instead, it uses the order the networks are in # the configuration file. # # proto: list of accepted protocols # WPA = WPA/IEEE 802.11i/D3.0 # RSN = WPA2/IEEE 802.11i (also WPA2 can be used as an alias for RSN) # If not set, this defaults to: WPA RSN # # key_mgmt: list of accepted authenticated key management protocols # WPA-PSK = WPA pre-shared key (this requires 'psk' field) # WPA-EAP = WPA using EAP authentication (this can use an external # program, e.g., Xsupplicant, for IEEE 802.1X EAP Authentication # IEEE8021X = IEEE 802.1X using EAP authentication and (optionally) dynamically # generated WEP keys # NONE = WPA is not used; plaintext or static WEP could be used # If not set, this defaults to: WPA-PSK WPA-EAP # # pairwise: list of accepted pairwise (unicast) ciphers for WPA # CCMP = AES in Counter mode with CBC-MAC [RFC 3610, IEEE 802.11i/D7.0] # TKIP = Temporal Key Integrity Protocol [IEEE 802.11i/D7.0] # NONE = Use only Group Keys (deprecated, should not be included if APs support # pairwise keys) # If not set, this defaults to: CCMP TKIP # # group: list of accepted group (broadcast/multicast) ciphers for WPA # CCMP = AES in Counter mode with CBC-MAC [RFC 3610, IEEE 802.11i/D7.0] # TKIP = Temporal Key Integrity Protocol [IEEE 802.11i/D7.0] # WEP104 = WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) with 104-bit key # WEP40 = WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) with 40-bit key [IEEE 802.11] # If not set, this defaults to: CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40 # # psk: WPA preshared key; 256-bit pre-shared key # The key used in WPA-PSK mode can be entered either as 64 hex-digits, i.e., # 32 bytes or as an ASCII passphrase (in which case, the real PSK will be # generated using the passphrase and SSID). ASCII passphrase must be between # 8 and 63 characters (inclusive). # This field is not needed, if WPA-EAP is used. # Note: Separate tool, wpa_passphrase, can be used to generate 256-bit keys # from ASCII passphrase. This process uses lot of CPU and wpa_supplicant # startup and reconfiguration time can be optimized by generating the PSK only # only when the passphrase or SSID has actually changed. # # eapol_flags: IEEE 802.1X/EAPOL options (bit field) # Dynamic WEP key require for non-WPA mode # bit0 (1): require dynamically generated unicast WEP key # bit1 (2): require dynamically generated broadcast WEP key # (3 = require both keys; default) # # Following fields are only used with internal EAP implementation. # eap: space-separated list of accepted EAP methods # MD5 = EAP-MD5 (unsecure and does not generate keying material -> # cannot be used with WPA; to be used as a Phase 2 method # with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS) # MSCHAPV2 = EAP-MSCHAPv2 (cannot be used separately with WPA; to be used # as a Phase 2 method with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS) # OTP = EAP-OTP (cannot be used separately with WPA; to be used # as a Phase 2 method with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS) # GTC = EAP-GTC (cannot be used separately with WPA; to be used # as a Phase 2 method with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS) # TLS = EAP-TLS (client and server certificate) # PEAP = EAP-PEAP (with tunnelled EAP authentication) # TTLS = EAP-TTLS (with tunnelled EAP or PAP/CHAP/MSCHAP/MSCHAPV2 # authentication) # If not set, all compiled in methods are allowed. # # identity: Identity string for EAP # anonymous_identity: Anonymous identity string for EAP (to be used as the # unencrypted identity with EAP types that support different tunnelled # identity, e.g., EAP-TTLS) # password: Password string for EAP # ca_cert: File path to CA certificate file. This file can have one or more # trusted CA certificates. If ca_cert is not included, server certificate # will not be verified. This is insecure and the CA file should always be # configured. # client_cert: File path to client certificate file # private_key: File path to client private key file # private_key_passwd: Password for private key file # phase1: Phase1 (outer authentication, i.e., TLS tunnel) parameters # (string with field-value pairs, e.g., "peapver=0" or # "peapver=1 peaplabel=1") # 'peapver' can be used to force which PEAP version (0 or 1) is used. # 'peaplabel=1' can be used to force new label, "client PEAP encryption", # to be used during key derivation when PEAPv1 or newer. Most existing # PEAPv1 implementation seem to be using the old label, "client EAP # encryption", and wpa_supplicant is now using that as the default value. # Some servers, e.g., Radiator, may require peaplabel=1 configuration to # interoperate with PEAPv1; see eap_testing.txt for more details. # 'peap_outer_success=0' can be used to terminate PEAP authentication on # tunneled EAP-Success. This is required with some RADIUS servers that # implement draft-josefsson-pppext-eap-tls-eap-05.txt (e.g., # Lucent NavisRadius v4.4.0 with PEAP in "IETF Draft 5" mode) # phase2: Phase2 (inner authentication with TLS tunnel) parameters # (string with field-value pairs, e.g., "auth=MSCHAPV2") # Following certificate/private key fields are used in inner Phase2 # authentication when using EAP-TTLS or EAP-PEAP. # ca_cert2: File path to CA certificate file. This file can have one or more # trusted CA certificates. If ca_cert2 is not included, server # certificate will not be verified. This is insecure and the CA file # should always be configured. # client_cert2: File path to client certificate file # private_key2: File path to client private key file # private_key2_passwd: Password for private key file # Example blocks: # Simple case: WPA-PSK, PSK as an ASCII passphrase, allow all valid ciphers network={ ssid="simple" psk="very secret passphrase" priority=5 } # Same as previous, but request SSID-specific scanning (for APs that reject # broadcast SSID) network={ ssid="second ssid" scan_ssid=1 psk="very secret passphrase" priority=2 } # Only WPA-PSK is used. Any valid cipher combination is accepted. network={ ssid="example" proto=WPA key_mgmt=WPA-PSK pairwise=CCMP TKIP group=CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40 psk=06b4be19da289f475aa46a33cb793029d4ab3db7a23ee92382eb0106c72ac7bb priority=2 } # Only WPA-EAP is used. Both CCMP and TKIP is accepted. An AP that used WEP104 # or WEP40 as the group cipher will not be accepted. network={ ssid="example" proto=RSN key_mgmt=WPA-EAP pairwise=CCMP TKIP group=CCMP TKIP eap=TLS identity="user@example.com" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" client_cert="/etc/cert/user.pem" private_key="/etc/cert/user.prv" private_key_passwd="password" priority=1 } # EAP-PEAP/MSCHAPv2 configuration for RADIUS servers that use the new peaplabel # (e.g., Radiator) network={ ssid="example" key_mgmt=WPA-EAP eap=PEAP identity="user@example.com" password="foobar" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" phase1="peaplabel=1" phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2" priority=10 } # EAP-TTLS/EAP-MD5-Challenge configuration with anonymous identity for the # unencrypted use. Real identity is sent only within an encrypted TLS tunnel. network={ ssid="example" key_mgmt=WPA-EAP eap=TTLS identity="user@example.com" anonymous_identity="anonymous@example.com" password="foobar" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" priority=2 } # EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2 configuration with anonymous identity for the unencrypted # use. Real identity is sent only within an encrypted TLS tunnel. network={ ssid="example" key_mgmt=WPA-EAP eap=TTLS identity="user@example.com" anonymous_identity="anonymous@example.com" password="foobar" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2" } # WPA-EAP, EAP-TTLS with different CA certificate used for outer and inner # authentication. network={ ssid="example" key_mgmt=WPA-EAP eap=TTLS # Phase1 / outer authentication anonymous_identity="anonymous@example.com" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" # Phase 2 / inner authentication phase2="autheap=TLS" ca_cert2="/etc/cert/ca2.pem" client_cert2="/etc/cer/user.pem" private_key2="/etc/cer/user.prv" private_key2_passwd="password" priority=2 } # Both WPA-PSK and WPA-EAP is accepted. Only CCMP is accepted as pairwise and # group cipher. network={ ssid="example" bssid=00:11:22:33:44:55 proto=WPA RSN key_mgmt=WPA-PSK WPA-EAP pairwise=CCMP group=CCMP psk=06b4be19da289f475aa46a33cb793029d4ab3db7a23ee92382eb0106c72ac7bb } # Special characters in SSID, so use hex string. Default to WPA-PSK, WPA-EAP # and all valid ciphers. network={ ssid=00010203 psk=000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f } # EAP-SIM with a GSM SIM or USIM network={ ssid="eap-sim-test" key_mgmt=WPA-EAP eap=SIM pin="1234" pcsc="" } # IEEE 802.1X/EAPOL with dynamically generated WEP keys (i.e., no WPA) using # EAP-TLS for authentication and key generation; require both unicast and # broadcast WEP keys. network={ ssid="1x-test" key_mgmt=IEEE8021X eap=TLS identity="user@example.com" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" client_cert="/etc/cert/user.pem" private_key="/etc/cert/user.prv" private_key_passwd="password" eapol_flags=3 } # LEAP with dynamic WEP keys network={ ssid="leap-example" key_mgmt=IEEE8021X eap=LEAP identity="user" password="foobar" } # Plaintext connection (no WPA, no IEEE 802.1X) network={ ssid="plaintext-test" key_mgmt=NONE } # Shared WEP key connection (no WPA, no IEEE 802.1X) network={ ssid="static-wep-test" key_mgmt=NONE wep_key0="abcde" wep_key1=0102030405 wep_key2="1234567890123" wep_tx_keyidx=0 priority=5 } # Catch all example that allows more or less all configuration modes network={ ssid="example" scan_ssid=1 key_mgmt=WPA-EAP WPA-PSK IEEE8021X NONE pairwise=CCMP TKIP group=CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40 psk="very secret passphrase" eap=TTLS PEAP TLS identity="user@example.com" password="foobar" ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem" client_cert="/etc/cert/user.pem" private_key="/etc/cert/user.prv" private_key_passwd="password" phase1="peaplabel=0" }